What the Japanese Automotive Industry developed came from the Toyota Production System which merged with Lean Six Sigma principles to eliminate waste and get it right first time. That production system is now used by all the main producers (including Honda).
It lead to reliable cars manufactured to high standards at a controlled cost. Every single proces or part of process is broken down and analysed. Competitors either copied it or went under.
Those Japanese processes are all over industry and process in the UK. Six Sigma qualifications are now valued and transferrable.
Depends on the market, but yes cheaper labour costs and access to raw materials especially in China make them very competitive.
The Japanese production systems have been copied. There is no way you would have a flat screen TV as cheap as they are without them (no matter where it is made).